166 terms · 75/46/45
Technique № 004 · class: initial access

Brute Force

Brute force as a technique involves the systematic testing of a large number of credential combinations to gain unauthorized access. It includes classic exhaustive testing, dictionary attacks with common passwords, and password spraying.

Term

description · examples · notes

Brute force as a technique involves the systematic testing of a large number of credential combinations to gain unauthorized access. It includes classic exhaustive testing, dictionary attacks with common passwords, and password spraying.

Description

The technique is used for cracking user account passwords, decrypting protected files, and breaking encrypted communications. Effectiveness depends on the attacker's computational resources and target complexity.

Examples

  • Automated testing of millions of passwords against a login page
  • Spraying a single common password against all accounts in an organization
  • Offline cracking of hashed passwords after a database leak

Notes

  • Login attempt rate limiting and multi-factor authentication are the most effective countermeasures.
Composite

Threats

used by 4

Defenses

countered by 6