166 terms ·
75/46/45
109 rezultata za „hardware" ·
15 direktnih ·
94 povezanih
Pretnje
11 direktnih pogodaka-
№ 021
Account Takeover … worth considering: phishing-resistant models and hardware keys. Alongside that, alerts have to be set up so they react to changes in recovery details (mail, ph …pretnja · identity
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№ 006
Backdoor … accident. Sometimes it surfaces as a software or hardware vulnerability. It always serves the same purpose — permanent access to the victim's machine or networ …pretnja · malware
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№ 015
Brute-force attack … it down. Offline, the attacker works on their own hardware against a stolen database of password hashes, with no limit at all — and that is by far the more effe …pretnja · identity
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№ 013
Cryptominer … are slow systems, overheating devices, shortened hardware life, higher electricity bills and stalled machines in the cloud. It is the neighbor tapping into you …pretnja · malware
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№ 004
Keylogger A keylogger is a program or hardware device that records every keystroke. Software keyloggers run covertly in the background, while hardware variants can be phy …pretnja · malware
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№ 024
MFA Fatigue … have to be typed from the login screen, nor where hardware keys are in use.pretnja · identity
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№ 071
Physical Access Attack A hardware keylogger is plugged in between the keyboard and the computer on a publicly reachable workstation.pretnja · physical / IoT
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№ 010
Rootkit … ry settings, and in the worse cases replacing the hardware.pretnja · malware
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№ 025
SIM Swapping … ng SMS as a second factor. Authenticator apps and hardware keys (FIDO2) do not depend on a phone number. With the operator it is worth setting a PIN or a port-o …pretnja · identity
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№ 060
Supply Chain Attack … ctim directly. The attacker compromises software, hardware, a supplier, a build process or an update mechanism before the product or service reaches the user. T …pretnja · trust
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№ 069
USB Drop Attack … USB is not a lost item to be examined but unknown hardware.pretnja · physical / IoT
Tehnike
3 direktna pogotka-
№ 008
Physical Access Using physical access to a device or space as an attack vector.tehnika · initial access
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№ 010
Exploitation … loitation involves leveraging a flaw in software, hardware, or configuration to execute unauthorized code or bypass security controls. Vulnerabilities can exist …tehnika · execution
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№ 028
Network Sniffing … ses tools like Wireshark, tcpdump, or specialized hardware taps.tehnika · discovery
Odbrane
1 direktan pogodak↳ Povezano
94 stavke koje koriste „hardware"-
№ 042
API Abuse API abuse arises when an attacker uses a programming interface in a way the application did not anticipate or did not restrict enough. An API is not merely a technical add-on to the application. It is often the main entrance to the data, the users, the orders, the payments and the administration.pretnja · applications
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№ 020
Access Token Manipulation Token abuse involves stealing or manipulating authentication tokens, session cookies, or access keys to assume the identity of a legitimate user or service. The attacker can use a token without knowing the password.tehnika · privileges
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№ 043
Authentication Bypass An authentication bypass means the attacker reaches a protected part of the system without logging in the ordinary way. They need not know a password. Sometimes a flaw in the logic is enough, or an unprotected endpoint, a predictable token, a misconfigured proxy, or a gap between two steps of the login.pretnja · applications
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№ 056
BGP Hijacking BGP hijacking is an attack, or a serious mistake, in which internet traffic is diverted by wrong routing. BGP is the protocol by which autonomous systems on the internet tell each other which path leads to particular IP ranges. If somebody announces another party's range as their own, part of the internet can believe them.pretnja · availability
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№ 006
Browser Isolation Executing web content in an isolated environment separate from the local system.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 004
Brute Force Brute force as a technique involves the systematic testing of a large number of credential combinations to gain unauthorized access. It includes classic exhaustive testing, dictionary attacks with common passwords, and password spraying.tehnika · initial access
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№ 028
Business Email Compromise Business email compromise is not an ordinary fake email. The attacker breaks into business correspondence, or imitates it well enough that somebody in the company believes the request comes from the director, from finance, from a supplier, a lawyer or a partner. The aim is usually money, but it can also be a confidential document, a change of payment details, or an opening for the next phase of the attack.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 033
CSPM CSPM continuously checks how the cloud environment is configured against good-practice and compliance rules: which buckets are public, which identities hold too many rights, where encryption is off, where logging is off. Instead of someone clicking manually through the console, the tool watches the whole account or subscription and flags when a setting drifts into danger.odbrana · resilience
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№ 013
Certificate Management Managing the lifecycle of digital certificates — issuance, renewal, revocation.odbrana · identity / access
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№ 024
Cloud lateral movement In the cloud, identities can assume roles — temporarily take on another identity's rights. It's built for legitimate delegation, but it becomes lateral movement when an attacker who got one identity chains the steps: identity A can become B, B can become C with more rights, C reaches another account. No new password at each step — just inherited delegation.tehnika · privileges
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№ 039
Command & Control Command and control communication involves establishing a persistent channel between the attacker and the compromised system for sending commands and receiving results. The attacker uses this channel to manage malware, launch new attack phases, and retrieve data.tehnika · C2
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№ 026
Configuration Abuse Configuration abuse involves exploiting misconfigured systems, services, or security controls. Attackers look for default passwords, overly broad permissions, open ports, and services without authentication.tehnika · discovery
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№ 023
Container Escape Containers are meant to isolate an application from the host and from other containers. Container escape is when an attacker controlling a process inside a container breaks that isolation and reaches the host (or other containers). From an application-level foothold they get host-level reach.tehnika · privileges
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№ 003
Credential Abuse Credential abuse involves using stolen, leaked, or otherwise obtained login data to gain unauthorized access to systems and services. The attacker impersonates a legitimate user.tehnika · initial access
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№ 017
Credential stuffing Credential stuffing does not go after unknown passwords; it tries known ones. With username and password pairs from databases leaked across the internet, the attacker tries the most-used services such as Facebook and Instagram, counting on people reusing the same credentials on several services — which in most cases holds.pretnja · identity
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№ 041
Cross-Site Request Forgery Cross-site request forgery, or CSRF, exploits the fact that a browser automatically sends existing session cookies to a site where the user is already logged in. The attacker does not need to know the password. It is enough to lead the user down the wrong path.pretnja · applications
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№ 040
Cross-Site Scripting Cross-site scripting, better known as XSS, arises when a web application allows somebody else's script to be displayed and executed in the user's browser. The attacker does not have to break into the web server. It is enough for their code to end up in a page the victim opens as though it were entirely legitimate.pretnja · applications
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№ 016
DLL Sideloading Technique of loading a malicious DLL through a legitimate program that requests it.tehnika · execution
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№ 057
DNS Poisoning DNS poisoning is an attack in which a user or a resolver is given a false answer for a domain. The result is that the user types a familiar address into the browser and DNS takes them to the wrong web server. On paper the name is the same. In reality the road leads somewhere else.pretnja · availability
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№ 036
DNS Tunneling Technique of exfiltrating data or C2 communication through DNS queries.tehnika · exfiltration / impact
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№ 030
Data Encryption Protecting data by encrypting it at rest and in transit.odbrana · resilience
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№ 031
Data Exfiltration Data exfiltration involves transferring stolen information from the compromised environment to an attacker-controlled location. Data can be sent through encrypted channels, legitimate cloud services, email, or even physical media.tehnika · exfiltration / impact
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№ 031
Deception Technology Deploying decoy resources (honeypots, honeytokens) to detect attackers.odbrana · resilience
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№ 035
Deepfake Attack A deepfake attack uses an artificially generated voice, image or video so that somebody can pose as a real person. In cyber attacks this usually means the director's voice on a call, a colleague's face in a video meeting, or a recording that feels real enough for the victim to accept the request.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 050
Denial of Service / DoS DoS is a denial-of-service attack that tries to bring a service down or slow it so far that legitimate users can no longer use it. Unlike DDoS it need not come from a large network of compromised devices. Sometimes one source and a well-chosen vulnerability are enough.pretnja · availability
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№ 040
DevSecOps Integrating security into all phases of the software development lifecycle.odbrana · people
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№ 040
Domain Fronting Technique of hiding C2 traffic behind legitimate CDN domains.tehnika · C2
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№ 003
EDR EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) is a technology that continuously monitors endpoint activity, records events, and enables detection, investigation, and response to threats that bypassed preventive controls.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 002
Email Security Email security encompasses technologies that filter inbound and outbound messages to prevent phishing, malware delivery, and business email compromise. It operates at the server or cloud level before the message reaches the user.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 042
Encrypted C2 Channels Using HTTPS, DNS-over-HTTPS, or other encrypted protocols for C2.tehnika · C2
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№ 001
Endpoint Protection Endpoint protection encompasses software solutions that protect computers, servers, and mobile devices from malicious software and unauthorized activities. It combines classic signature-based malware detection with heuristic analysis and behavior-based detection.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 068
Evil Twin A fake Wi-Fi network, known as an evil twin, imitates a legitimate wireless network so that users connect to an access point the attacker controls. The network name looks familiar, the signal can be stronger, and the device often suggests or restores the connection by itself.pretnja · physical / IoT
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№ 035
Firewall A firewall is a control placed at the boundary between networks that permits or blocks traffic according to predefined rules — deciding who may talk to whom, on which ports and protocols.odbrana · resilience
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№ 022
Forge Kerberos Tickets A set of techniques exploiting the Kerberos protocol in Active Directory.tehnika · privileges
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№ 022
IDS/IPS IDS/IPS are systems that monitor network traffic (or host activity) for patterns indicating an attack. An IDS (Intrusion Detection System) only reports suspicious activity; an IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) sits inline and can block it immediately.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 009
Identity & Access Management Identity and access management encompasses the policies, processes, and technologies for creating, managing, and revoking digital identities and their access rights. The goal is to ensure the right users have the right access to the right resources at the right time.odbrana · identity / access
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№ 012
Impair Defenses Defense evasion encompasses techniques by which an attacker conceals their activity from security tools, analysts, and automated detection systems. The goal is to remain undetected for as long as possible in the compromised environment.tehnika · execution
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№ 020
Incident Response A planned process of identifying, containing, eradicating, and recovering from cyber incidents.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 046
Indicator Removal A set of techniques for hindering or preventing digital forensics.tehnika · evasion
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№ 012
Infostealer An infostealer has one basic role: to collect your credentials. Saved browser passwords, cookies and session tokens, autofill data, crypto wallet keys — all of it is of interest. It stays in contact with the attacker and sends on what it gathers. When the job is done it can delete itself and disappear.pretnja · malware
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№ 046
Insecure Deserialization Deserialization is the return of a packed object into a form the application can use. The problem arises when an application accepts an object from an untrusted source and handles it as though it were safe. At that point the attacker is not sending mere data but a specially prepared structure that can change the flow of execution.pretnja · applications
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№ 019
Lateral Movement Lateral movement involves an attacker moving from one compromised system to another within the same network. The goal is to expand access to systems containing more valuable data or enabling further escalation.tehnika · privileges
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№ 015
Living off the Land Using legitimate system tools to execute malicious actions.tehnika · execution
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№ 043
Log Tampering Deleting, modifying, or disabling logs to hide activity.tehnika · evasion
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№ 016
Logging & Monitoring Logging and monitoring involves the systematic recording of activities and events on systems, networks, and applications, along with regular analysis of those records to detect anomalies and security incidents.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 017
MDR MDR (Managed Detection and Response) is a service where an external security team provides continuous monitoring, threat detection, and incident response on behalf of an organization. It combines technology with human expertise.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 032
Malvertising Malvertising uses ad networks as a delivery channel for attacks. The user does not have to be on a dubious site; a malicious advert can appear on a legitimate portal too, because ad space often arrives through several intermediaries.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 038
Malware Delivery Malware delivery encompasses the methods by which malicious software is transferred to a target system. This includes infected attachments, compromised websites, malicious ads, removable media, and compromised software updates.tehnika · C2
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№ 005
Mobile Device Security Managing and protecting mobile devices through MDM and MAM solutions.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 025
Network Segmentation Network segmentation is the practice of dividing network infrastructure into smaller, isolated segments with controlled communication between them. The goal is to limit an attacker's ability to move through the network after compromising a single system.odbrana · resilience
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№ 023
Pass-the-Hash So that it does not keep the password in readable form, Windows remembers its cryptographic fingerprint — the hash. With older Windows authentication (NTLM), the password is not required to prove identity; the hash is enough. Pass-the-hash abuses exactly that: if the attacker obtains a user's hash, they can log in with it without ever learning the real password.pretnja · identity
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№ 021
Pass-the-Hash Using NTLM hashes instead of plaintext passwords for authentication.tehnika · privileges
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№ 012
Password Manager Tool for generating, storing, and auto-filling strong, unique passwords.odbrana · identity / access
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№ 016
Password spraying Password spraying is brute force turned around. Instead of trying many passwords on one account, the attacker tries common passwords across many accounts. That avoids lockout, because each individual account sees only an attempt or two.pretnja · identity
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№ 023
Patch Management Patch management is the process of identifying, testing, and applying software updates that fix known vulnerabilities. The goal is to reduce the time window in which an attacker can exploit a known weakness.odbrana · resilience
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№ 047
Path Traversal Path traversal is an attack in which the attacker tries to step out of the permitted directory and reach files the application should never display. The best-known pattern is a sequence such as `../`, which walks the path back up the file system level by level.pretnja · applications
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№ 045
Penetration Testing Simulation of real attacks to identify vulnerabilities that automated tools miss.odbrana · governance
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№ 011
Persistence Persistence encompasses techniques by which an attacker ensures their access or malicious code survives system reboots, password changes, or other interruptions. The goal is to maintain a foothold in the environment over an extended period.tehnika · execution
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№ 001
Phishing Phishing as a technique involves sending fraudulent emails, SMS messages, or chat messages to trick the victim into clicking a malicious link, opening an infected attachment, or entering credentials on a fake page.tehnika · initial access
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№ 026
Phishing Phishing is the most widespread form of social-engineering attack and, in a great many cases, the first link in any serious break-in. The attacker sends a message that appears to come from a known organization — a bank, a courier, a government service, a colleague — and leads the victim into doing one of three things: clicking a link, opening an attachment, or entering their credentials somewhere.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 031
Pretexting Pretexting is social engineering with a prepared story. The attacker does not simply send a link and wait for a click; they build a scenario in which what they are doing looks normal. They present themselves as a colleague, technical support, an auditor, a bank, a supplier, a courier or an official.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 020
Privilege Escalation Privilege escalation is the attempt by an attacker who already holds some level of access to widen their rights in order to move through the network. Escalation is rarely the first stage — it comes after entry through, say, an ordinary user account or a compromised service. It takes the attacker from the crack they slipped through to control of the whole system. There are two directions: vertical escalation, from an ordinary user to domain administrator, and horizontal, moving from one account to another user's resources at the same level of rights.pretnja · identity
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№ 018
Privilege Escalation Privilege escalation is a technique by which an attacker with limited access gains a higher level of authorization. Vertical escalation means reaching administrator or root level, while horizontal escalation means accessing another user's resources at the same privilege level.tehnika · privileges
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№ 045
Process Injection Injecting malicious code into the address space of a legitimate process.tehnika · evasion
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№ 034
QR phishing - Quishing Quishing is phishing through a QR code. Instead of a visible link, the user is given an image to scan with their phone. The QR code then takes them to a fake page for a login, a payment, a document download or an account confirmation.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 001
Ransomware Ransomware locks a company's data and demands payment to release it. The ransom is asked in cryptocurrency because it makes the money harder to follow — which is exactly why attackers use it.pretnja · malware
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№ 038
Remote Code Execution Remote code execution is one of the most dangerous classes of vulnerability, because it lets an attacker run their own code on a vulnerable system from somewhere else entirely. If the application runs on a server, the attacker is no longer merely a user on the outside; they gain a way to influence what the server executes.pretnja · applications
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№ 052
Resource Exhaustion Resource exhaustion targets what a system cannot work without: processor, memory, disk, network connections, threads, the database or processing queues. The aim is not necessarily to send enormous traffic but to make the system spend what it has.pretnja · availability
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№ 041
Risk Assessment Systematic process of identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing cyber risks.odbrana · governance
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№ 017
Rootkit Installation Technique of installing a rootkit to deeply hide presence on a system.tehnika · execution
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№ 070
SCADA/OT Attack An attack on SCADA and OT systems targets industrial processes, not only data. These are the systems that run manufacturing, energy, water, transport, buildings, sensors, PLC controllers and HMI stations. When such a system stops or starts working wrongly, the consequences can be fatal.pretnja · physical / IoT
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№ 015
SIEM SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) is a system that collects logs and events from diverse sources across the entire infrastructure, centralizes them, and applies correlation rules to detect suspicious patterns and security incidents.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 030
SMS phishing - Smishing Smishing is phishing over SMS or messaging apps. The attacker sends a short message with a link, a request to confirm something, or an instruction for an urgent action, counting on messages being read quickly on a phone and without much checking.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 018
SOAR Security Orchestration, Automation and Response — automating security operations.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 039
SQL Injection SQL injection usually arises when a web application passes user input blindly to the database on the web server. Instead of ordinary text, the attacker can put part of an SQL command into a login, search or filter field. If the application does not stop it, the database can execute something the designer never had in mind, and certainly never intended.pretnja · applications
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№ 045
SSRF SSRF is a vulnerability in which the attacker gets a web server to send a request to an address of the attacker's choosing. The distinction matters: the request is not sent by the user's browser but by the server. That opens the door to internal services which from the outside ought to remain invisible.pretnja · applications
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№ 026
Secure Configuration Secure configuration involves applying established security baselines to all systems, services, and applications in an organization. The goal is to reduce the attack surface by eliminating unnecessary functions, default passwords, and insecure settings.odbrana · resilience
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№ 037
Security Awareness Employee education programs about cyber threats and safe behavior.odbrana · people
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№ 019
Session Hijacking When you log in, the service opens a session — a state that remembers you are you, together with everything that goes with it, such as your preferences and settings. The main benefit is that you do not have to type a password every few minutes as you move through the features. That session is marked by an identifier, usually held in a browser cookie. Session hijacking is the taking over of a session that is already open. The attacker does not attack the login; they slip into a session that has already passed authentication and carry on operating the service in your name.pretnja · identity
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№ 002
Social Engineering Social engineering as a technique involves manipulating human behavior to obtain information, access, or the execution of actions that benefit the attacker. It relies on trust, authority, urgency, or fear.tehnika · initial access
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№ 027
Spear Phishing Spear phishing is phishing cut to fit one person or a small group of users. Instead of sending the same message to thousands of addresses, the attacker first gathers information about the victim — where they work, who they work with, what they are working on right now, how the company addresses its clients — and then writes a message that reads as if it came from that world.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 006
Supply Chain Compromise Technique of injecting malicious code into the software supply chain.tehnika · initial access
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№ 019
Threat Intelligence Collecting, analyzing, and applying data about current cyber threats.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 044
Timestomping Changing file timestamps to hide when they were created or modified.tehnika · evasion
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№ 018
Token Theft A token is proof that you have already logged in. When you sign in and confirm your identity with a second factor, the service issues a token, stored in the browser, which vouches that you have already been checked the next time round. The token is sent automatically with every further request, so you do not have to type the password again. Token theft is the taking of that proof. With it in hand, the attacker presents themselves as you — without your password and without the second factor, because both have already been approved.pretnja · identity
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№ 036
Virtual Private Network A VPN (virtual private network) creates an encrypted tunnel between a device and the network it connects to. For an organization this primarily means controlled remote access to internal resources — from home, on the road, in the field. Traffic inside the tunnel cannot be read in transit, even on hotel Wi-Fi.odbrana · resilience
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№ 044
Vulnerability Management Continuous process of discovering, classifying, prioritizing, and remediating vulnerabilities.odbrana · governance
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№ 027
WAF WAF (Web Application Firewall) is a firewall that filters, monitors, and blocks HTTP/HTTPS traffic to web applications. It sits between users and the web server, analyzing each request against defined rules.odbrana · resilience
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№ 036
Watering Hole Attack A watering hole attack does not chase the victim directly. The attacker first finds a site the target group visits regularly, then compromises that site or the content loaded through it. The victim then comes to the place of the attack on their own, doing what they normally do.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 033
Whaling Whaling is targeted phishing aimed at senior management, owners, directors and people who can approve large decisions. The target is not chosen by chance. The attacker knows who they are after and why that person is worth more than an ordinary account.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 008
Worm A worm spreads on its own. Unlike a virus it needs no host file and no click from the user — once it is on one machine it immediately looks for the next, and the next, and thousands of devices can be infected within minutes. Replication is its purpose, speed is its weapon, and whatever it carries is the real threat.pretnja · malware
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№ 004
XDR XDR (Extended Detection and Response) unifies data from endpoints, network, email, and cloud.odbrana · endpoints
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№ 044
Zero-Day Exploitation Zero-day exploitation uses a vulnerability for which the vendor has no patch yet, or does not know exists. The name says how much time the defense had to prepare: zero days. In practice a victim can be doing everything right, keeping systems and applications up to date, and still be exposed.pretnja · applications
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№ 029
voice phishing - Vishing Vishing is phishing over the telephone. Instead of an email and a link, the attacker uses a voice, a phone number and the pressure of the moment. They present themselves as a bank, technical support, a courier, the police, the tax office, or somebody from the company, while trying to extract details or lead the victim into doing something they otherwise would not.pretnja · social eng.