166 terms ·
75/46/45
60 rezultata za „policy" ·
6 direktnih ·
54 povezanih
Pretnje
2 direktna pogotka-
№ 040
Cross-Site Scripting … takes proper output encoding, a Content Security Policy, HttpOnly cookies and discipline in handling user input.pretnja · applications
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№ 020
Privilege Escalation A least-privilege policy is the most effective defense: what an account cannot do, an attacker cannot do either.pretnja · identity
Odbrane
4 direktna pogotka-
№ 042
Security Policies Cover password policy, access policy, data classification, and acceptable use.odbrana · governance
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№ 034
DLP … his way' — and a record of attempts. Depending on policy it either blocks, or warns and logs. So you can see who tried to move what, and when.odbrana · resilience
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№ 035
Firewall … ) add application awareness and user identity, so policy becomes "this application, for this user" rather than merely "port 443 allowed". Unlike a WAF, which pr …odbrana · resilience
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№ 009
Identity & Access Management Identity and access management encompasses the policies, processes, and technologies for creating, managing, and revoking digital identities and their access rights. The goal is to ensure the right users have the right access to the right resources at the right time.odbrana · identity / access
↳ Povezano
54 stavke koje koriste „policy"-
№ 042
API Abuse API abuse arises when an attacker uses a programming interface in a way the application did not anticipate or did not restrict enough. An API is not merely a technical add-on to the application. It is often the main entrance to the data, the users, the orders, the payments and the administration.pretnja · applications
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№ 020
Access Token Manipulation Token abuse involves stealing or manipulating authentication tokens, session cookies, or access keys to assume the identity of a legitimate user or service. The attacker can use a token without knowing the password.tehnika · privileges
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№ 065
Accidental Data Leak An accidental data leak is not an attack in the classic sense, but the consequences can look the same. Data becomes available to the wrong people through human error, bad configuration, wrong sharing, a public repository, open cloud storage, or mail sent to the wrong address.pretnja · trust
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№ 021
Account Takeover Account takeover is the moment the attacker gains full control of an account — not only access, but the ability to change the password, the recovery mail address, the phone number and the second factor, while the real owner is shut out with no technical way back in on their own. Takeover is rarely the first stage of an attack. It is usually the destination of what came before: phishing, credential stuffing, token theft.pretnja · identity
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№ 006
Backdoor A backdoor is a hidden way in. Once placed or opened, it lets the attacker return to the machine — with no password, no authorization and no entry in the ordinary records. A backdoor can be opened by malware while it runs, but it can equally be a user account nobody watches, or web shell access left on a server.pretnja · malware
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№ 053
Botnet Attacks A botnet is a set of compromised devices the attacker controls remotely. That network can hold computers, servers, routers, cameras, NAS devices, phones and IoT equipment. The owner of the device often does not know that it is carrying out somebody else's requests.pretnja · availability
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№ 004
Brute Force Brute force as a technique involves the systematic testing of a large number of credential combinations to gain unauthorized access. It includes classic exhaustive testing, dictionary attacks with common passwords, and password spraying.tehnika · initial access
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№ 015
Brute-force attack A brute-force attack breaks into an account by trying to log in over and over: automated tools work through password after password until one takes. It succeeds against short, weak and common passwords, and against systems that put no limit on failed attempts. It is not clever — it is only fast, and it can run for days.pretnja · identity
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№ 028
Business Email Compromise Business email compromise is not an ordinary fake email. The attacker breaks into business correspondence, or imitates it well enough that somebody in the company believes the request comes from the director, from finance, from a supplier, a lawyer or a partner. The aim is usually money, but it can also be a confidential document, a change of payment details, or an opening for the next phase of the attack.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 075
Cloud IAM misconfiguration Cloud IAM misconfiguration means a user, a service account, an application or a role holds more rights than it needs. In the cloud an identity is not merely a login. An identity is permission to read data, spin up resources, change networks, assume roles and delete backups.pretnja · cloud
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№ 024
Cloud lateral movement In the cloud, identities can assume roles — temporarily take on another identity's rights. It's built for legitimate delegation, but it becomes lateral movement when an attacker who got one identity chains the steps: identity A can become B, B can become C with more rights, C reaches another account. No new password at each step — just inherited delegation.tehnika · privileges
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№ 074
Cloud storage exposure Cloud storage exposure arises when data that ought to be private becomes publicly reachable through a bad configuration of a cloud service. That can be S3 buckets, blob storage, backups, logs, documents, images, database exports or configuration files.pretnja · cloud
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№ 039
Command & Control Command and control communication involves establishing a persistent channel between the attacker and the compromised system for sending commands and receiving results. The attacker uses this channel to manage malware, launch new attack phases, and retrieve data.tehnika · C2
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№ 026
Configuration Abuse Configuration abuse involves exploiting misconfigured systems, services, or security controls. Attackers look for default passwords, overly broad permissions, open ports, and services without authentication.tehnika · discovery
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№ 023
Container Escape Containers are meant to isolate an application from the host and from other containers. Container escape is when an attacker controlling a process inside a container breaks that isolation and reaches the host (or other containers). From an application-level foothold they get host-level reach.tehnika · privileges
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№ 063
Contractor Abuse Contractor access abuse arises when a consultant, a contractor, an external firm or a temporarily engaged person uses access more widely or for longer than the work requires. The access is often granted legitimately, but afterwards it is not monitored, not narrowed and not withdrawn in time.pretnja · trust
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№ 003
Credential Abuse Credential abuse involves using stolen, leaked, or otherwise obtained login data to gain unauthorized access to systems and services. The attacker impersonates a legitimate user.tehnika · initial access
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№ 036
DNS Tunneling Technique of exfiltrating data or C2 communication through DNS queries.tehnika · exfiltration / impact
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№ 031
Data Exfiltration Data exfiltration involves transferring stolen information from the compromised environment to an attacker-controlled location. Data can be sent through encrypted channels, legitimate cloud services, email, or even physical media.tehnika · exfiltration / impact
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№ 035
Deepfake Attack A deepfake attack uses an artificially generated voice, image or video so that somebody can pose as a real person. In cyber attacks this usually means the director's voice on a call, a colleague's face in a video meeting, or a recording that feels real enough for the victim to accept the request.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 049
Distributed Denial of Service / DDoS DDoS is a distributed denial-of-service attack. Instead of attacking from one place, the attacker uses a large number of compromised devices, rented infrastructure and reflected traffic to bury the target in web requests until the server is blocked. The aim is not data theft but choking the service into unavailability.pretnja · availability
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№ 029
Domain Account Discovery Mapping users, groups, permissions, and Active Directory structure.tehnika · discovery
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№ 010
Exploitation Exploitation involves leveraging a flaw in software, hardware, or configuration to execute unauthorized code or bypass security controls. Vulnerabilities can exist in operating systems, applications, network services, or firmware.tehnika · execution
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№ 022
Forge Kerberos Tickets A set of techniques exploiting the Kerberos protocol in Active Directory.tehnika · privileges
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№ 012
Infostealer An infostealer has one basic role: to collect your credentials. Saved browser passwords, cookies and session tokens, autofill data, crypto wallet keys — all of it is of interest. It stays in contact with the attacker and sends on what it gathers. When the job is done it can delete itself and disappear.pretnja · malware
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№ 058
Insider Threat An insider threat comes from a person who has, or once had, legitimate access to an organization's systems, data or premises. That can be an employee, a former employee, an administrator, an associate, a supplier or a partner. The trouble is that the access was not necessarily unauthorized to begin with.pretnja · trust
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№ 067
IoT Device Compromise IoT device compromise hits cameras, routers, sensors, smart televisions, locks, controllers and all the equipment connected to a network that does not behave like a classic computer. The problem is that these devices are often forgotten the moment they are switched on.pretnja · physical / IoT
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№ 022
Kerberoasting Kerberoasting is an attack specific to Windows domain networks and Active Directory (AD). User logins are handled by the Kerberos protocol, which issues tickets as proof of identity. In a domain environment there are non-user accounts — service accounts — under which most background tasks and services run, such as databases and business applications. Service accounts are set up so that any user can request a ticket for access to a given service. The catch is that the ticket is encrypted with the service account's password.pretnja · identity
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№ 019
Lateral Movement Lateral movement involves an attacker moving from one compromised system to another within the same network. The goal is to expand access to systems containing more valuable data or enabling further escalation.tehnika · privileges
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№ 016
Logging & Monitoring Logging and monitoring involves the systematic recording of activities and events on systems, networks, and applications, along with regular analysis of those records to detect anomalies and security incidents.odbrana · monitoring / response
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№ 024
MFA Fatigue MFA fatigue is social-engineering pressure applied to two-factor authentication. The attacker has the password, leaked or phished, but is stopped at the second factor — a confirmation the user has to approve on their phone. So the attacker starts the login over and over, burying the phone in approval requests. The arithmetic is simple: out of irritation, confusion, or the thought that it must be some glitch, the user approves one at some point — and the attacker is through the whole authentication.pretnja · identity
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№ 038
Malware Delivery Malware delivery encompasses the methods by which malicious software is transferred to a target system. This includes infected attachments, compromised websites, malicious ads, removable media, and compromised software updates.tehnika · C2
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№ 073
Model theft / extraction Model theft and extraction means an attacker obtains a model an organization trained, bought or adapted to its own needs. That can be direct theft of the files, the weights and the configuration, but also controlled extraction through an API, where the model is queried enough times to build an approximate copy.pretnja · AI / ML
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№ 016
Password spraying Password spraying is brute force turned around. Instead of trying many passwords on one account, the attacker tries common passwords across many accounts. That avoids lockout, because each individual account sees only an attempt or two.pretnja · identity
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№ 023
Patch Management Patch management is the process of identifying, testing, and applying software updates that fix known vulnerabilities. The goal is to reduce the time window in which an attacker can exploit a known weakness.odbrana · resilience
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№ 031
Pretexting Pretexting is social engineering with a prepared story. The attacker does not simply send a link and wait for a click; they build a scenario in which what they are doing looks normal. They present themselves as a colleague, technical support, an auditor, a bank, a supplier, a courier or an official.pretnja · social eng.
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№ 018
Privilege Escalation Privilege escalation is a technique by which an attacker with limited access gains a higher level of authorization. Vertical escalation means reaching administrator or root level, while horizontal escalation means accessing another user's resources at the same privilege level.tehnika · privileges
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№ 061
Privilege Misuse Privilege misuse arises when somebody uses rights they genuinely hold for actions they have no business reason to take. Unlike privilege escalation, the attacker or insider here does not have to acquire new authority. The trouble is that the existing authority is enough to do damage.pretnja · trust
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№ 010
Privileged Access Management Privileged access management controls, monitors, and records the use of accounts with elevated permissions such as administrator accounts, service accounts, and root access. These accounts are the most valuable targets for attackers as they provide broad access to critical systems.odbrana · identity / access
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№ 072
Prompt injection Prompt injection exploits the weakness of language models in telling an instruction apart from the content they are processing. When a model reads an email, a document, a page, a ticket or a message, the attacker can put text into that content which reads like an instruction.pretnja · AI / ML
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№ 025
Reconnaissance Reconnaissance involves the systematic gathering of information about the target environment, both externally before the attack and internally after compromise. The goal is to understand the topology, identify targets, and plan the next stages.tehnika · discovery
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№ 014
Remote access trojan - RAT A RAT gives the attacker remote control of your machine. Once inside they can browse files, switch on the camera and microphone, record what you type and run commands — all of it live, as if sitting in front of your screen. It resembles remote support tools, only on the wrong side of the law.pretnja · malware
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№ 070
SCADA/OT Attack An attack on SCADA and OT systems targets industrial processes, not only data. These are the systems that run manufacturing, energy, water, transport, buildings, sensors, PLC controllers and HMI stations. When such a system stops or starts working wrongly, the consequences can be fatal.pretnja · physical / IoT
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№ 025
SIM Swapping SIM swapping does not attack the phone but the phone number. The attacker persuades, or bribes, a mobile operator to move the number to a new SIM card, citing a lost phone or a damaged card. They usually come armed with personal details from leaked databases and phishing. The moment the number moves to their card, the real phone loses signal and every call and message goes to the attacker.pretnja · identity
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№ 026
Secure Configuration Secure configuration involves applying established security baselines to all systems, services, and applications in an organization. The goal is to reduce the attack surface by eliminating unnecessary functions, default passwords, and insecure settings.odbrana · resilience
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№ 033
Service Abuse Service abuse as a technique involves using legitimate system functionalities in unintended ways to cause damage, gain unauthorized access, or achieve financial gain.tehnika · exfiltration / impact
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№ 054
Service Abuse Service abuse uses legitimate functions of a system in an unforeseen way. The attacker does not have to find a classic vulnerability. It is enough to work out how a normal function can be automated, overloaded, or turned against the service and its users.pretnja · availability
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№ 064
Shadow IT Shadow IT is the use of applications, cloud services, accounts and tools without the knowledge or approval of the IT team. Employees usually do not bring them in to cause a problem but to get the work done faster: a file needs sharing, a team needs a chat, marketing needs a tool, sales needs a PDF now.pretnja · trust
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№ 062
Shared Account Abuse Shared account abuse begins wherever several people use the same username and password. The system then no longer knows who actually did something. It knows only that a particular account was used, which for accountability is the same as knowing nothing.pretnja · trust
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№ 002
Social Engineering Social engineering as a technique involves manipulating human behavior to obtain information, access, or the execution of actions that benefit the attacker. It relies on trust, authority, urgency, or fear.tehnika · initial access
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№ 059
Third-Party Compromise Third-party compromise happens when the attacker does not go at an organization directly but at a supplier, a partner, a service provider or an external associate who already holds some form of trust and authorized access. Instead of forcing the front door, the attacker looks for a side entrance somebody else has already opened.pretnja · trust
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№ 018
Token Theft A token is proof that you have already logged in. When you sign in and confirm your identity with a second factor, the service issues a token, stored in the browser, which vouches that you have already been checked the next time round. The token is sent automatically with every further request, so you do not have to type the password again. Token theft is the taking of that proof. With it in hand, the attacker presents themselves as you — without your password and without the second factor, because both have already been approved.pretnja · identity
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№ 027
WAF WAF (Web Application Firewall) is a firewall that filters, monitors, and blocks HTTP/HTTPS traffic to web applications. It sits between users and the web server, analyzing each request against defined rules.odbrana · resilience
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№ 008
Worm A worm spreads on its own. Unlike a virus it needs no host file and no click from the user — once it is on one machine it immediately looks for the next, and the next, and thousands of devices can be infected within minutes. Replication is its purpose, speed is its weapon, and whatever it carries is the real threat.pretnja · malware